{"product_id":"budgerigar-aviary-owner-makes","title":"Budgerigar Breeding Aviary Owner Income From 194 Saleable Birds","description":"\u003cbr\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"line_top\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou’re trying to turn breeding activity into owner pay, not confuse revenue with profit In the first year, the model produces about \u003cstrong\u003e194 saleable juveniles\u003c\/strong\u003e and about \u003cstrong\u003e$438k revenue\u003c\/strong\u003e from 30 breeding females, 2 cycles, 15% losses, 5% retained stock, and a $226 blended price Owner take-home depends on feed, veterinary care, cages, utilities, marketing, reserves, and owner labor, so these are US planning assumptions, not a guaranteed distribution\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\" id=\"main_article_image\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003csection class=\"fml-owner-metric-cards\" aria-label=\"Budgerigar Breeding Aviary\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"metric-grid\"\u003e\n\u003carticle class=\"metric-card is-green\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"metric-icon-tip\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Modeled year 10 EBITDA proxy for annual take-home; it uses sales minus bird costs, overhead, marketing, vet, reserves, and labor, before taxes and debt service.\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"metric-icon\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml-owner-income-kpi-owner-income.svg\" alt=\"Owner income icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOwner income\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"metric-value\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Modeled year 10 EBITDA proxy for annual take-home; it uses sales minus bird costs, overhead, marketing, vet, reserves, and labor, before taxes and debt service.\"\u003eY10 $164k\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"metric-card\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"metric-icon-tip\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Year 10 EBITDA margin uses modeled revenue and operating profit; it is a proxy for net margin and excludes interest, taxes, and capex.\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"metric-icon\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml-owner-income-kpi-net-margin.svg\" alt=\"Net margin icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNet margin\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"metric-value\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Year 10 EBITDA margin uses modeled revenue and operating profit; it is a proxy for net margin and excludes interest, taxes, and capex.\"\u003e29%\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"metric-card\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"metric-icon-tip\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"No owner-pay target was set, so this uses year 5 revenue, where modeled EBITDA turns slightly positive.\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"metric-icon\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml-owner-income-kpi-revenue-target.svg\" alt=\"Revenue for target pay icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRevenue for target pay\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"metric-value\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"No owner-pay target was set, so this uses year 5 revenue, where modeled EBITDA turns slightly positive.\"\u003e≈$300k\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"metric-card\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"metric-icon-tip\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Hard because breakeven lands in month 53, EBITDA stays negative through year 4, and minimum cash dips to $384k.\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"metric-icon\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml-owner-income-kpi-business-difficulty.svg\" alt=\"Business difficulty icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBusiness difficulty\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"metric-value\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Hard because breakeven lands in month 53, EBITDA stays negative through year 4, and minimum cash dips to $384k.\"\u003eHard\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eWant to test your aviary owner pay?\n\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"fml-owner-calculator\" aria-label=\"Sample Business Owner Income Calculator\" data-locale=\"en-US\" data-currency=\"USD\" data-default-scenario=\"base\" data-export-filename=\"Sample Business Owner Income Calculator.xlsx\" data-source-site-name=\"Financial Models Lab\" data-source-site-url=\"https:\/\/financialmodelslab.com\" data-source-page-title=\"Sample Business Owner Income Calculator\" data-note-title=\"Planning note:\" data-note-text=\"Research-based planning estimate only. It is not guaranteed salary, tax advice, or owner distribution advice.\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-card\"\u003e\n\u003cheader class=\"fml-owner-header\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-heading\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"fml-owner-eyebrow\"\u003eOwner income calculator\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"fml-owner-intro\"\u003eEstimate owner take-home and the target-pay gap from revenue, margin, costs, reserves, and target pay.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-scenarios\" aria-label=\"Income scenario presets\"\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"fml-owner-scenario\" type=\"button\" data-scenario=\"low\"\u003eLow\u003c\/button\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"fml-owner-scenario is-active\" type=\"button\" data-scenario=\"base\"\u003eBase\u003c\/button\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"fml-owner-scenario\" type=\"button\" data-scenario=\"high\"\u003eHigh\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/header\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-layout\"\u003e\n\u003cform class=\"fml-owner-inputs\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMonthly revenue\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly sales before expenses. Use the average month for the phase you expect to run, not a one-time peak sale month.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly sales before expenses. Use the average month for the phase you expect to run, not a one-time peak sale month.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-money\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e$\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"monthlyRevenue\" data-owner-kind=\"money\" data-owner-label=\"Monthly revenue\" data-owner-note=\"Monthly sales before expenses. Use the average month for the phase you expect to run, not a one-time peak sale month.\" data-low=\"25000\" data-base=\"36500\" data-high=\"52000\" name=\"monthlyRevenue\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"36,500\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGross margin\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Percent of revenue left after direct costs like feed, vet care, shipping, and payment fees.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003ePercent of revenue left after direct costs like feed, vet care, shipping, and payment fees.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-percent\"\u003e\n\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"grossMargin\" data-owner-kind=\"percent\" data-owner-label=\"Gross margin\" data-owner-note=\"Percent of revenue left after direct costs like feed, vet care, shipping, and payment fees.\" name=\"grossMargin\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"100\" step=\"1\" data-low=\"74\" data-base=\"81\" data-high=\"84\" value=\"81\"\u003e\u003coutput\u003e81%\u003c\/output\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLabor cost\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly hired labor before owner pay. Include assistants, contractors, and admin help.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly hired labor before owner pay. Include assistants, contractors, and admin help.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-money\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e$\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"laborCost\" data-owner-kind=\"money\" data-owner-label=\"Labor cost\" data-owner-note=\"Monthly hired labor before owner pay. Include assistants, contractors, and admin help.\" data-low=\"1500\" data-base=\"2500\" data-high=\"4500\" name=\"laborCost\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"2,500\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFixed overhead\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly rent, utilities, insurance, software, cleaning, and other recurring overhead.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly rent, utilities, insurance, software, cleaning, and other recurring overhead.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-money\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e$\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"fixedOverhead\" data-owner-kind=\"money\" data-owner-label=\"Fixed overhead\" data-owner-note=\"Monthly rent, utilities, insurance, software, cleaning, and other recurring overhead.\" data-low=\"5000\" data-base=\"5400\" data-high=\"6500\" name=\"fixedOverhead\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"5,400\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMarketing\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly ads, content, outreach, and selling costs needed to keep bird demand moving.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly ads, content, outreach, and selling costs needed to keep bird demand moving.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-money\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e$\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"marketing\" data-owner-kind=\"money\" data-owner-label=\"Marketing\" data-owner-note=\"Monthly ads, content, outreach, and selling costs needed to keep bird demand moving.\" data-low=\"800\" data-base=\"1200\" data-high=\"1800\" name=\"marketing\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"1,200\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDebt service\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly loan or financing payments tied to the business.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly loan or financing payments tied to the business.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-money\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e$\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"debtService\" data-owner-kind=\"money\" data-owner-label=\"Debt service\" data-owner-note=\"Monthly loan or financing payments tied to the business.\" data-low=\"0\" data-base=\"0\" data-high=\"0\" name=\"debtService\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTax reserve\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Percent of operating profit set aside for taxes before owner take-home.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003ePercent of operating profit set aside for taxes before owner take-home.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-percent\"\u003e\n\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"taxReserve\" data-owner-kind=\"percent\" data-owner-label=\"Tax reserve\" data-owner-note=\"Percent of operating profit set aside for taxes before owner take-home.\" name=\"taxReserve\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"45\" step=\"1\" data-low=\"18\" data-base=\"24\" data-high=\"28\" value=\"24\"\u003e\u003coutput\u003e24%\u003c\/output\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eReinvestment reserve\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Percent kept for breeding stock, repairs, working cash, and risk buffer.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003ePercent kept for breeding stock, repairs, working cash, and risk buffer.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-percent\"\u003e\n\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"reinvestmentReserve\" data-owner-kind=\"percent\" data-owner-label=\"Reinvestment reserve\" data-owner-note=\"Percent kept for breeding stock, repairs, working cash, and risk buffer.\" name=\"reinvestmentReserve\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"35\" step=\"1\" data-low=\"8\" data-base=\"10\" data-high=\"12\" value=\"10\"\u003e\u003coutput\u003e10%\u003c\/output\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-row\"\u003e\n\u003clabel class=\"fml-owner-label\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTarget owner pay\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly pre-tax owner income goal used to calculate the target-pay gap.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly pre-tax owner income goal used to calculate the target-pay gap.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/label\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-money\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e$\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cinput data-owner-field=\"targetOwnerPay\" data-owner-kind=\"money\" data-owner-label=\"Target owner pay\" data-owner-note=\"Monthly pre-tax owner income goal used to calculate the target-pay gap.\" data-low=\"5000\" data-base=\"10000\" data-high=\"15000\" name=\"targetOwnerPay\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"10,000\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/form\u003e\n\u003caside class=\"fml-owner-results\" aria-live=\"polite\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tag\"\u003eOwner income output\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-metrics\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-metric is-primary\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-metric-label\"\u003eOwner Income\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly take-home after tax and reinvestment reserves.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly take-home after tax and reinvestment reserves.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong data-owner-output=\"monthlyOwnerIncome\"\u003e$13,506\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-metric\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-metric-label\"\u003eNet Margin\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Owner income divided by monthly revenue.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eOwner income divided by monthly revenue.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong data-owner-output=\"netProfitMargin\"\u003e37%\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-metric\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-metric-label\"\u003eRevenue for Target Pay\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Monthly revenue needed to support the target owner pay.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eMonthly revenue needed to support the target owner pay.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong data-owner-output=\"revenueNeeded\"\u003e$29,940\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-metric is-target-gap is-positive\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-metric-label\"\u003eTarget Pay Gap\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-tooltip\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Owner income minus target owner pay. Negative means the target pay is not covered.\"\u003ei\u003cspan role=\"tooltip\"\u003eOwner income minus target owner pay. Negative means the target pay is not covered.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong data-owner-output=\"targetPayGap\"\u003e$3,506\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdl class=\"fml-owner-result-list\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eAnnual owner income\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd data-owner-output=\"annualOwnerIncome\"\u003e$162,072\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eProfit before reserves\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd data-owner-output=\"profitBeforeReserves\"\u003e$20,465\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eTax + reinvestment reserve\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd data-owner-output=\"reserveAmount\"\u003e$6,959\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eTarget pay gap\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd data-owner-output=\"cashAfterTargetPay\"\u003e$3,506\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-bridge\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-bar-row\" data-owner-bridge=\"revenue\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eRevenue\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ci style=\"--fml-owner-share: 100%;\"\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cb data-owner-bridge-value\u003e$36,500\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-bar-row\" data-owner-bridge=\"grossProfit\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eGross profit\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ci style=\"--fml-owner-share: 81%;\"\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cb data-owner-bridge-value\u003e$29,565\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-bar-row\" data-owner-bridge=\"operatingCosts\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eOperating costs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ci style=\"--fml-owner-share: 25%;\"\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cb data-owner-bridge-value\u003e$9,100\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-bar-row\" data-owner-bridge=\"reserveAmount\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eReserves\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ci style=\"--fml-owner-share: 19%;\"\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cb data-owner-bridge-value\u003e$6,959\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-bar-row\" data-owner-bridge=\"ownerIncome\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eOwner income\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ci style=\"--fml-owner-share: 37%;\"\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cb data-owner-bridge-value\u003e$13,506\u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"fml-owner-export\" type=\"button\" data-owner-export\u003eEXPORT XLSX\u003c\/button\u003e\u003c\/aside\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-owner-note\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-owner-note-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e!\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlanning note:\u003c\/strong\u003e Research-based planning estimate only. It is not guaranteed salary, tax advice, or owner distribution advice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design_blog\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section_blog text-2_new_design_blog\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"line_top_blog\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eNeed owner income in one model?\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe screenshot pulls revenue, margin, costs, reserves, and owner take-home into one view; open the \u003ca href=\"\/products\/budgerigar-aviary-financial-model\"\u003eBudgerigar Breeding Aviary Financial Model Template\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch4\u003eOwner-income model highlights\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOwner take-home scenarios\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRevenue and margin drivers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBreeding assumptions and pricing\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section_blog image-2_new_design_blog\"\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"preview-card\" data-preview-src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/budgerigar-aviary-financial-model-dashboard-financialmodelslab_23a4c2ed-8d9d-451a-8867-9265ea6dcb43.webp\"\u003e\n\u003cimg class=\"preview-img\" width=\"100%\" height=\"auto\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/budgerigar-aviary-financial-model-dashboard-financialmodelslab_23a4c2ed-8d9d-451a-8867-9265ea6dcb43.webp?width=500\" alt=\"Budgerigar Breeding Aviary Financial Model dashboard summarizing key KPIs, runway and cash position with dynamic charts and performance metrics, investor-ready view to fix cash-flow blind spots.\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"preview-overlay\"\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"preview-btn\" type=\"button\" style=\"align-items: center; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-flex; justify-content: center; gap: 6px; line-height: 1;\"\u003e\nPREVIEW \u003csvg fill=\"#fff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" role=\"presentation\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"14\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M416 176V86.63L246.6 256L416 425.4V336c0-8.844 7.156-16 16-16s16 7.156 16 16v128c0 8.844-7.156 16-16 16h-128c-8.844 0-16-7.156-16-16s7.156-16 16-16h89.38L224 278.6L54.63 448H144C152.8 448 160 455.2 160 464S152.8 480 144 480h-128C7.156 480 0 472.8 0 464v-128C0 327.2 7.156 320 16 320S32 327.2 32 336v89.38L201.4 256L32 86.63V176C32 184.8 24.84 192 16 192S0 184.8 0 176v-128C0 39.16 7.156 32 16 32h128C152.8 32 160 39.16 160 48S152.8 64 144 64H54.63L224 233.4L393.4 64H304C295.2 64 288 56.84 288 48S295.2 32 304 32h128C440.8 32 448 39.16 448 48v128C448 184.8 440.8 192 432 192S416 184.8 416 176z\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003c\/svg\u003e\n\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eHow many breeding pairs are needed for income?\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere isn’t one universal breeding-pair number for income at a \u003cstrong\u003eBudgerigar Breeding Aviary\u003c\/strong\u003e. Use this formula: \u003cstrong\u003erequired saleable birds = (target owner pay + fixed costs + reserves) \/ (blended price - variable cost per bird)\u003c\/strong\u003e. At a \u003cstrong\u003e$226\u003c\/strong\u003e Year 1 blended price, \u003cstrong\u003e$50,000\u003c\/strong\u003e of owner pay needs about \u003cstrong\u003e222 saleable birds\u003c\/strong\u003e before any costs, while Year 1 output is about \u003cstrong\u003e194\u003c\/strong\u003e and Year 2 output is about \u003cstrong\u003e327\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_2_clmn_row\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl_header\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml_20_fml-Orange-blog-intro-icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\" class=\"icon_how_to_use\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eUse the formula\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStart with target owner pay.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdd fixed costs and reserves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubtract variable cost per bird.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCount only saleable birds.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl blue_card\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl_header\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml_20_fml-Orange-blog-colons-icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\" class=\"icon_how_to_use\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eCheck the scale\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$226\u003c\/strong\u003e is the Year 1 floor.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$50,000\u003c\/strong\u003e needs about \u003cstrong\u003e222\u003c\/strong\u003e birds.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYear 1 output is about \u003cstrong\u003e194\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYear 2 output is about \u003cstrong\u003e327\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eWhat is the cost to breed budgies?\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBudgerigar Breeding Aviary\u003c\/strong\u003e costs are not shown as one clean per-bird figure here. The research splits costs into \u003cstrong\u003eone-time setup\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003erecurring overhead\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003evariable per-bird inputs\u003c\/strong\u003e, so the right way to plan it is to separate those buckets first. For the planning logic, see \u003ca href=\"\/blogs\/write-business-plan\/budgerigar-aviary\"\u003eHow To Write A Business Plan To Launch Budgerigar Breeding Aviary?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_2_clmn_row\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl blue_card\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl_header\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml_20_fml-Orange-blog-colons-icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\" class=\"icon_how_to_use\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eCost buckets\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSetup:\u003c\/strong\u003e cages and breeding stations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSetup:\u003c\/strong\u003e quarantine space and brooders\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSetup:\u003c\/strong\u003e aviary buildout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRecurring:\u003c\/strong\u003e utilities, cleaning, vet care\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl_header\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml_20_fml-Orange-blog-intro-icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\" class=\"icon_how_to_use\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eMargin pressure\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePer-bird:\u003c\/strong\u003e feed, bedding, supplements\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePer-bird:\u003c\/strong\u003e nest boxes and hand-taming supplies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePer-bird:\u003c\/strong\u003e transport materials\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMargin falls\u003c\/strong\u003e with losses, slow sales, vet events\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eIs it more profitable to sell budgies direct?\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes—\u003cstrong\u003eBudgerigar Breeding Aviary\u003c\/strong\u003e can make more per bird with direct sales if buyers pay for hand-taming, health records, trusted placement, and premium mutations. In Year 1, the modeled prices are \u003cstrong\u003e$200\u003c\/strong\u003e for a standard hand-tamed bird, \u003cstrong\u003e$350\u003c\/strong\u003e for a premium mutation, \u003cstrong\u003e$200\u003c\/strong\u003e for a starter kit, and a \u003cstrong\u003e$120\u003c\/strong\u003e transport fee, which lands at a \u003cstrong\u003e$226\u003c\/strong\u003e blended price at the modeled mix. Wholesale or pet store channels may move birds faster, but they can lower net revenue per bird, so the tradeoff is more buyer acquisition, waitlists, customer service, screening, delivery coordination, and ethical placement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_2_clmn_row\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl_header\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml_20_fml-Orange-blog-intro-icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\" class=\"icon_how_to_use\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eDirect sales upside\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$200\u003c\/strong\u003e standard hand-tamed bird.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$350\u003c\/strong\u003e premium mutation bird.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$200\u003c\/strong\u003e starter kit add-on.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$120\u003c\/strong\u003e transport fee.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl blue_card\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"card_smpl_header\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/fml_20_fml-Orange-blog-colons-icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\" class=\"icon_how_to_use\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eDirect sales tradeoffs\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuyer acquisition takes time.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWaitlists need active management.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScreen homes before placement.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoordinate delivery and support.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eWant the six income drivers?\n\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"fml-main-income-drivers\" aria-label=\"Main income drivers for a budgerigar breeding aviary\"\u003e\u003carticle class=\"driver-option is-cards\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"main-driver-grid\"\u003e\n\u003carticle class=\"main-driver-card is-primary\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"main-driver-heading\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"driver-rank\"\u003e1\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ch4\u003eBreeding Output\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e194-2.2K\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eMore saleable birds drive the whole model; output rises from about 194 in Year 1 to about 2.2K in the mature model.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"main-driver-card\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"main-driver-heading\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"driver-rank\"\u003e2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ch4\u003eSale Price\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$226-$321\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eA higher blended price lifts every bird sold, moving from about $226 in Year 1 to about $321 later on.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"main-driver-card\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"main-driver-heading\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"driver-rank\"\u003e3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ch4\u003eHealth Rate\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e15%-8%\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eLower juvenile losses and mortality keep more birds alive to sell, so small health gains protect revenue fast.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"main-driver-card\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"main-driver-heading\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"driver-rank\"\u003e4\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ch4\u003eCost Control\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$5.4K\/mo\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeed, vet care, supplies, utilities, cages, and overhead decide how much cash stays after each sale.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"main-driver-card\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"main-driver-heading\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"driver-rank\"\u003e5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ch4\u003eChannel Mix\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e60\/20\/15\/5\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe mix of direct sales, premium birds, starter kits, and transport sets the blended price and customer reach.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003carticle class=\"main-driver-card\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"main-driver-heading\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"driver-rank\"\u003e6\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ch4\u003eOwner Labor\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e$50K-$145K\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eDaily care, cleaning, hand-taming, records, messages, and deliveries add up, so staffing can help or hurt take-home.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/article\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eBudgerigar Breeding Aviary Core Six Income Drivers\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eBreeding Pair Productivity\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design_timeline\"\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"left-row1\"\u003e\n    \u003ch3\u003eBreeding Pair Productivity\u003c\/h3\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003eIf your pairs don’t produce enough \u003cstrong\u003esaleable juveniles\u003c\/strong\u003e, revenue stalls fast. Year 1 math is \u003cstrong\u003e30 females × 2 cycles × 4 juveniles = 240\u003c\/strong\u003e before losses, then about \u003cstrong\u003e194 saleable\u003c\/strong\u003e after \u003cstrong\u003e15% losses\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003e5% retained stock\u003c\/strong\u003e. That number drives cash flow, because every extra weaned bird can be sold, while weak fertility or poor hatch rates cut income before pricing even matters.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003eIn the modeled mature year, \u003cstrong\u003e160 females × 3 cycles × 5 juveniles = 2,400\u003c\/strong\u003e before losses, then about \u003cstrong\u003e2,164 saleable\u003c\/strong\u003e after \u003cstrong\u003e8% losses\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003e2% retained stock\u003c\/strong\u003e. The real swing comes from clutches, fertility, hatch rate, weaning success, rest periods, and breeder health. Push output too hard and you get more illness, more losses, and weaker owner take-home.\u003c\/p\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"right-row1\"\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"tips-box\"\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eTrack Output, Not Just Breeding Pairs\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eMeasure \u003cstrong\u003esaleable juveniles per female\u003c\/strong\u003e, not just eggs or clutches. Track fertility, hatch rate, weaning success, rest time, and loss rate by pair, then cull problem lines and give healthy breeders recovery time. One clean metric: \u003cstrong\u003esaleable birds ÷ breeding females\u003c\/strong\u003e. If that ratio slips, margin drops even when pair count stays flat.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eClutches per female\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eFertility rate\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eHatch rate\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eWeaning success\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eRest periods\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eBreeder health\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003c\/ul\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eProtect income by keeping breeding at ethical capacity. That means fewer failed clutches, fewer vet hits, and less replacement breeder cost. If a pair needs longer rest or produces weak chicks, the best financial move is often to slow it down, not force another cycle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"timeline\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"step-circle step1\"\u003e1\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eAverage Revenue Per Bird\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design_timeline\"\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"right-row2\"\u003e\n    \u003ch3\u003eAverage Revenue Per Bird\u003c\/h3\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003eThis is the cash you earn per \u003cstrong\u003esaleable juvenile\u003c\/strong\u003e before costs. In Year 1, the blended price is \u003cstrong\u003e$226\u003c\/strong\u003e, built from \u003cstrong\u003e$200\u003c\/strong\u003e standard hand-tamed, \u003cstrong\u003e$350\u003c\/strong\u003e premium mutation, \u003cstrong\u003e$200\u003c\/strong\u003e starter kit, and \u003cstrong\u003e$120\u003c\/strong\u003e transport. At \u003cstrong\u003e194\u003c\/strong\u003e saleable birds, that is about \u003cstrong\u003e$43,844\u003c\/strong\u003e in revenue; every \u003cstrong\u003e$10\u003c\/strong\u003e change in blend moves top line by about \u003cstrong\u003e$1,940\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003eThe mature model lifts the blended price to \u003cstrong\u003e$321.50\u003c\/strong\u003e from \u003cstrong\u003e$245\u003c\/strong\u003e standard, \u003cstrong\u003e$475\u003c\/strong\u003e premium, \u003cstrong\u003e$245\u003c\/strong\u003e starter kit, and \u003cstrong\u003e$165\u003c\/strong\u003e transport. At \u003cstrong\u003e2,164\u003c\/strong\u003e saleable birds, that is about \u003cstrong\u003e$695,726\u003c\/strong\u003e before costs. The price only holds if buyers see real care value, health records, hand-taming, age, and local demand.\u003c\/p\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"left-row2\"\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"tips-box\"\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003ePrice by proof\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eTrack revenue per bird by type, refund rate, and support time. If premium birds sell slower, the blend can look good on paper but still hurt cash flow. Every price claim should be backed by photos, records, and a clear handoff process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eTrack sale price by bird type.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eWatch refund and repeat rates.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eLog hand-taming and health records.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eMatch premium price to buyer demand.\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003c\/ul\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eUse a simple rule: raise price only when the bird sells faster or with fewer refunds. Unsupported pricing claims create weak repeat demand, and that usually shows up later as discounting, extra messages, and lower owner take-home.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"timeline\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"step-circle step2\"\u003e2\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eSales Channel Mix\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design_timeline\"\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"left-row3\"\u003e\n    \u003ch3\u003eSales Channel Mix\u003c\/h3\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003eThe key metric is \u003cstrong\u003enet owner income per bird\u003c\/strong\u003e, not headline price. Year 1 uses \u003cstrong\u003e60% standard\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003e20% premium\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003e15% starter kit\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003e5% transport fee\u003c\/strong\u003e; the mature mix shifts to \u003cstrong\u003e45% standard\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003e35% premium\u003c\/strong\u003e. More premium sales can lift revenue, but only if the extra work does not eat the gain.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003eDirect buyers, waitlists, bird fairs, pet stores, and wholesale relationships all change \u003cstrong\u003eprice, speed, and workload\u003c\/strong\u003e. Direct sales can improve margin, but they also add customer screening, messages, education, pickup scheduling, delivery work, and after-sale support. If support time rises faster than price, owner take-home drops. Here’s the quick math: channel mix matters because every bird carries a different service load.\u003c\/p\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"right-row3\"\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"tips-box\"\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eTrack Net Income by Channel\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eMeasure each channel on \u003cstrong\u003esale price, support time, delivery work, and refund risk\u003c\/strong\u003e. That tells you which birds actually pay the owner, not just which ones sell fastest.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eTrack income per bird by channel.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eLog messages and pickup time.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eCompare premium share to workload.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003ePrice support into direct sales.\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003c\/ul\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eUse that data to set the right channel mix each month. If premium demand is real, keep raising its share; if not, more direct sales can create busy work without improving \u003cstrong\u003etake-home income\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"timeline\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"step-circle step3\"\u003e3\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eHealth, Mortality, And Veterinary Control\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design_timeline\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"right-row4\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHealth, Mortality, And Veterinary Control\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis driver hits \u003cstrong\u003erevenue\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003emargin\u003c\/strong\u003e at the same time. If juvenile loss is \u003cstrong\u003e15%\u003c\/strong\u003e in Year 1, only \u003cstrong\u003e85 of every 100\u003c\/strong\u003e young birds reach sale; at \u003cstrong\u003e8%\u003c\/strong\u003e, that rises to \u003cstrong\u003e92 of 100\u003c\/strong\u003e. Production mortality falling from \u003cstrong\u003e20%\u003c\/strong\u003e to \u003cstrong\u003e10%\u003c\/strong\u003e means more birds stay in the pipeline, so less cash gets trapped in dead stock and missed sales.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePreventable illness adds \u003cstrong\u003equarantine\u003c\/strong\u003e, vet visits, cleaning labor, delayed sales, refunds, and replacement breeder costs. \u003cstrong\u003eBiosecurity\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003erecords\u003c\/strong\u003e are financial controls, not extras, because a health slip cuts saleable birds, hurts buyer trust, and lowers owner take-home in the same month.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"left-row4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tips-box\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTrack losses before they hit cash\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeasure \u003cstrong\u003ehatch rate\u003c\/strong\u003e (eggs that hatch), \u003cstrong\u003eweaning success\u003c\/strong\u003e (birds that reach sale age), juvenile loss %, production mortality %, quarantine days, vet spend, and refund rate. Keep one log for each breeding pair and clutch so you can see which lines, rooms, or routines drive losses. Here’s the quick math: every \u003cstrong\u003e1-point\u003c\/strong\u003e drop in loss rate puts more birds into revenue without adding more feed or labor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecord deaths by stage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrack quarantine and vet costs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLog delayed sales and refunds.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeparate breeder replacement costs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf losses rise, slow breeding, tighten cleaning, and fix records before pushing volume. More birds only help if they stay healthy and sell.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"timeline\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"step-circle step4\"\u003e4\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eAviary Operating Cost Efficiency\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design_timeline\"\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"left-row5\"\u003e\n    \u003ch3\u003eAviary Cost per Weaned Bird\u003c\/h3\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGross margin per weaned bird\u003c\/strong\u003e is the real test here. Variable per-bird costs include feed, bedding, supplements, nest boxes, weaning supplies, cleaning supplies tied to volume, and transport materials. Fixed aviary costs include cages, housing, utilities, equipment replacement, insurance if entered, marketing systems, and base veterinary readiness. If those costs rise faster than bird sales, owner pay gets squeezed fast.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003cp\u003eScale only helps if added birds sell through cleanly. A year with \u003cstrong\u003e194 saleable birds\u003c\/strong\u003e behaves very differently from one with \u003cstrong\u003e2,164 saleable birds\u003c\/strong\u003e, because the fixed cost base is spread wider only when crowding, waste, and avoidable health costs stay under contro\nl. The model still needs actual cost amounts to show margin, break-even, and cash left for the owner.\u003c\/p\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"right-row5\"\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"tips-box\"\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eTrack Cost per Bird\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eBuild the forecast around \u003cstrong\u003ecost per weaned bird\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003efixed overhead coverage\u003c\/strong\u003e. Track feed, bedding, meds, cleaning, transport materials, utilities, and cage replacement as separate lines, then divide by saleable birds. One clean number matters: total aviary cost per bird. If that number climbs, profit falls even when sales volume looks strong.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eWatch for the hidden drag: slow sell-through, excess inventory, and crowded housing. Those add waste and health risk, so margin drops on both the cost side and the revenue side. Keep a simple monthly check on birds weaned, birds sold, dead or retained birds, and cash spend per bird so you can see whether growth is paying its own way.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eTrack dollars per weaned bird.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eSplit variable and fixed costs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eMeasure sell-through monthly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eFlag crowding and waste quickly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003c\/ul\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"timeline\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"step-circle step5\"\u003e5\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eOwner Labor And Staffing\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design_timeline\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"right-row6\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eOwner Labor\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOwner labor\u003c\/strong\u003e is the unpaid work behind feeding, water changes, cage cleaning, nest checks, records, hand-taming, buyer messages, photos, waitlists, pickups, and deliveries. It changes \u003cstrong\u003etrue take-home income\u003c\/strong\u003e because reported profit is too high if your own hours are not priced in. That matters fast when output rises from \u003cstrong\u003e194 saleable birds\u003c\/strong\u003e in Year 1 to \u003cstrong\u003e2,164 saleable birds\u003c\/strong\u003e in the mature model.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHand-tamed birds can sell for more, but they also cost more time per bird. If one owner can’t cover the daily workload, labor becomes the ceiling on growth, or you hire help and subtract that cost before paying yourself. \u003cstrong\u003eWhat this estimate hides:\u003c\/strong\u003e no labor dollar rate is given, so the key control is hours per bird, not just birds sold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"left-row6\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tips-box\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTrack Hours, Not Just Birds\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeasure \u003cstrong\u003ehours per task\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003ehours per saleable bird\u003c\/strong\u003e. Separate routine care from value-add work like hand-taming, buyer support, and delivery. Then compare those hours to the bird count: \u003cstrong\u003e194 saleable birds\u003c\/strong\u003e may be owner-managed, but \u003cstrong\u003e2,164 saleable birds\u003c\/strong\u003e usually needs paid help or tighter systems. One clean rule: if labor rises faster than price, owner pay drops.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrack these inputs each month:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct_blog\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBirds sold by type\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOwner hours by task\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePaid help hours and pay\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMessages, pickups, deliveries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHand-taming time per bird\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"timeline\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"step-circle step6\"\u003e6\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #126CFF;\"\u003eCompare low, base, and high owner-income cases\n\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"fml-scenario-table\" aria-label=\"Budgerigar Breeding Aviary Owner Income Scenarios\" data-site-name=\"Financial Models Lab\" data-site-url=\"https:\/\/financialmodelslab.com\" data-source-title=\"Budgerigar Breeding Aviary Owner Income Scenarios\" data-note-label=\"Planning note\" data-note-text=\"These scenario ranges are researched planning assumptions, not guaranteed earnings, salary promises, tax advice, or distribution policy.\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-scenario-table-card\"\u003e\n\u003cheader class=\"fml-scenario-table-header\"\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"fml-scenario-table-eyebrow\"\u003eOwner income scenarios\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"fml-scenario-table-description\"\u003eIncome swings with saleable birds, loss rates, and the premium mix. Early scale stays negative, while mature output turns the model into positive pre-tax take-home.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-scenario-table-actions\"\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"fml-scenario-table-export\" type=\"button\" data-scenario-export\u003eEXPORT XLSX\u003c\/button\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/header\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"fml-scenario-table-wrap\"\u003e\u003ctable class=\"fml-scenario-table-grid\"\u003e\n\u003ccaption\u003eLow, base, and high cases for owner income planning.\u003c\/caption\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-table-stub\" scope=\"col\" data-export-value=\"Scenario\"\u003eScenario\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-table-column\" scope=\"col\" data-export-value=\"Low Case\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-column-title\"\u003eLow Case\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-badge is-soft\"\u003eDownside case\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-table-column\" scope=\"col\" data-export-value=\"Base Case\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-column-title\"\u003eBase Case\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-badge is-soft\"\u003eBase case\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-table-column\" scope=\"col\" data-export-value=\"High Case\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-column-title\"\u003eHigh Case\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-badge is-warning\"\u003eUpside case\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr data-scenario-row\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading\" scope=\"row\" data-export-value=\"Launch model\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading-inner\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon is-launch\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon-img\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/scenario-launch-model.svg\" alt=\"Launch model icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-title\"\u003eLaunch model\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"This is the downside path, where early output stays thin and owner draw remains negative.\"\u003eThis is the downside path, where early output stays thin and owner draw remains negative.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"This is the model's launch case, with the first-year setup mostly working but owner income still close to break-even.\"\u003eThis is the model's launch case, with the first-year setup mostly working but owner income still close to break-even.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"This is the upside path, where mature output and a higher premium mix lift owner take-home.\"\u003eThis is the upside path, where mature output and a higher premium mix lift owner take-home.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-scenario-row\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading\" scope=\"row\" data-export-value=\"Typical setup\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading-inner\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon is-setup\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon-img\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/scenario-typical-setup.svg\" alt=\"Typical setup icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-title\"\u003eTypical setup\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Sales stay closer to launch scale, losses run higher, premium birds sell less often, and reserve cash gets used to cover fixed overhead.\"\u003eSales stay closer to launch scale, losses run higher, premium birds sell less often, and reserve cash gets used to cover fixed overhead.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Year 1 uses 30 breeding females, 2 cycles, 4 juveniles, 15% losses, 5% retained, about 194 saleable birds, and a $226 blended price.\"\u003eYear 1 uses 30 breeding females, 2 cycles, 4 juveniles, 15% losses, 5% retained, about 194 saleable birds, and a $226 blended price.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Mature output reaches 160 females, 3 cycles, 5 juveniles, 8% losses, 2% retained, about 2,164 saleable birds, and a $321.50 blended price.\"\u003eMature output reaches 160 females, 3 cycles, 5 juveniles, 8% losses, 2% retained, about 2,164 saleable birds, and a $321.50 blended price.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-scenario-row\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading\" scope=\"row\" data-export-value=\"Cost drivers\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading-inner\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon is-drivers\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon-img\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/scenario-cost-drivers.svg\" alt=\"Cost drivers icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-title\"\u003eCost drivers\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Lower saleable birds; higher juvenile losses; smaller premium mix; fixed rent and labor; reserve burn\"\u003e\u003cul class=\"fml-scenario-list\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower saleable birds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehigher juvenile losses\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esmaller premium mix\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efixed rent and labor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ereserve burn\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Saleable birds near 194; blended price about $226; fixed overhead; feed and vet spend; part-time labor\"\u003e\u003cul class=\"fml-scenario-list\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSaleable birds near 194\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eblended price about $226\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efixed overhead\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efeed and vet spend\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epart-time labor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Higher bird volume; premium mix; better survival rate; fixed payroll growth; marketing and reserves\"\u003e\u003cul class=\"fml-scenario-list\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigher bird volume\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epremium mix\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ebetter survival rate\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efixed payroll growth\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emarketing and reserves\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-scenario-row\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading\" scope=\"row\" data-export-value=\"Owner income range\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading-inner\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon is-range\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon-img\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/scenario-planning-range.svg\" alt=\"Owner income range icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-title\"\u003eOwner income range\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-subtitle\"\u003eBefore owner reserves\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"($104k) to ($79k)\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong class=\"fml-scenario-range\"\u003e($104k) to ($79k)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-badge is-soft\"\u003eLoss-heavy start\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"($15k) to $5k\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong class=\"fml-scenario-range\"\u003e($15k) to $5k\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-badge is-soft\"\u003eBreakeven path\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"$43k to $164k\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong class=\"fml-scenario-range\"\u003e$43k to $164k\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-badge is-warning\"\u003eScaled upside\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-scenario-row\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading\" scope=\"row\" data-export-value=\"Best fit\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-heading-inner\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon is-fit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"fml-scenario-row-icon-img\" src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/scenario-best-fit.svg\" alt=\"Best fit icon\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-row-title\"\u003eBest fit\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Use this to stress-test a slow start and weak early demand.\"\u003eUse this to stress-test a slow start and weak early demand.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Use this as the main planning case for launch-year decisions.\"\u003eUse this as the main planning case for launch-year decisions.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-export-value=\"Use this to test what strong execution can produce once the aviary is scaled.\"\u003eUse this to test what strong execution can produce once the aviary is scaled.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"fml-scenario-table-note\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"fml-scenario-table-note-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e!\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlanning note:\u003c\/strong\u003e These scenario ranges are researched planning assumptions, not guaranteed earnings, salary promises, tax advice, or distribution policy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/section\u003e","brand":"FinancialModelsLab","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49303735533811,"sku":"budgerigar-aviary-owner-makes","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0522\/6191\/2762\/files\/budgerigar-aviary-owner-makes.webp?v=1782677450","url":"https:\/\/financialmodelslab.com\/products\/budgerigar-aviary-owner-makes","provider":"Financial Models Lab","version":"1.0","type":"link"}