{"product_id":"roic","title":"ROIC Calculator – Return on Invested Capital","description":"\u003cstyle\u003e\n.roic-calculator {\n  --ink: #0f172a;\n  --muted: #475569;\n  --border: #e2e8f0;\n  --surface: #ffffff;\n  --tint: #f8fafc;\n  --primary: #1d4ed8;\n  --accent: #c2410c;\n  --accent-hover: #9a3412;\n  --chart-1: #1e40af;\n  --chart-2: #0d9488;\n  --chart-3: #7c3aed;\n  --chart-4: #be185d;\n  --chart-5: #334155;\n  container: roic-layout \/ inline-size;\n  width: 100%;\n  max-width: 1200px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  background: var(--surface);\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, .06);\n  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\n  font-size: 15px;\n  line-height: 1.6;\n  overflow-wrap: anywhere;\n}\n.roic-calculator,\n.roic-calculator *,\n.roic-calculator *::before,\n.roic-calculator *::after {\n  box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n.roic-calculator :where(.roic-header, .roic-toolbar, .roic-workspace, .roic-breakdown, .roic-table-section, .roic-education) {\n  min-width: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-header {\n  padding: 24px;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);\n  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--surface), var(--tint));\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-title {\n  margin: 0;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 24px;\n  line-height: 1.25;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  letter-spacing: -.02em;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-subtitle {\n  margin: 8px 0 0;\n  max-width: 760px;\n  color: var(--muted);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-pills {\n  display: flex;\n  flex-wrap: wrap;\n  gap: 8px;\n  margin-top: 16px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-pill {\n  display: inline-flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 6px;\n  min-width: 0;\n  padding: 4px 8px;\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 999px;\n  background: var(--surface);\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 500;\n  line-height: 1.45;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-pill strong {\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-toolbar {\n  display: flex;\n  flex-wrap: wrap;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 12px;\n  padding: 16px 24px;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);\n  background: var(--surface);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-button {\n  min-width: 0;\n  min-height: 44px;\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  padding: 10px 16px;\n  background: var(--surface);\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font: inherit;\n  font-size: 15px;\n  font-weight: 650;\n  line-height: 1.2;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: background-color .15s ease, border-color .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease, transform .15s ease;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-button:hover {\n  border-color: #cbd5e1;\n  background: var(--tint);\n  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(15, 23, 42, .09);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-button:active {\n  transform: translateY(1px);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-button:focus-visible,\n.roic-calculator .roic-input:focus-visible,\n.roic-calculator .roic-link:focus-visible {\n  outline: 3px solid rgba(29, 78, 216, .35);\n  outline-offset: 2px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-download {\n  display: inline-flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 10px;\n  padding: 12px 18px;\n  border-color: var(--accent);\n  background: var(--accent);\n  color: #ffffff;\n  white-space: nowrap;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-download:hover {\n  border-color: var(--accent-hover);\n  background: var(--accent-hover);\n  color: #ffffff;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-download:focus-visible {\n  outline-color: rgba(194, 65, 12, .38);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-download-icon {\n  width: 18px;\n  height: 18px;\n  flex: 0 0 18px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-workspace {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);\n  gap: 24px;\n  padding: 24px;\n  background: var(--tint);\n  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-panel {\n  min-width: 0;\n  align-self: start;\n  padding: 24px;\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  background: var(--surface);\n  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, .06);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-section-title {\n  margin: 0;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 18px;\n  line-height: 1.35;\n  font-weight: 650;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-section-copy {\n  margin: 4px 0 0;\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 500;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-form {\n  display: grid;\n  gap: 24px;\n  margin-top: 20px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-fieldset {\n  min-width: 0;\n  margin: 0;\n  padding: 0;\n  border: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-legend {\n  margin: 0 0 12px;\n  padding: 0;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 15px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-fields {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 210px), 1fr));\n  align-items: start;\n  gap: 16px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-field {\n  display: grid;\n  align-content: start;\n  gap: 6px;\n  min-width: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-label {\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 14px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-input {\n  width: 100%;\n  min-width: 0;\n  min-height: 44px;\n  border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  padding: 10px 12px;\n  background: var(--surface);\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font: inherit;\n  font-size: 15px;\n  line-height: 1.3;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-input:hover {\n  border-color: #94a3b8;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-input[aria-invalid=\"true\"] {\n  border-color: #b91c1c;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-helper,\n.roic-calculator .roic-error {\n  min-height: 38px;\n  margin: 0;\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 500;\n  line-height: 1.45;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-helper {\n  color: var(--muted);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-error {\n  display: none;\n  color: #991b1b;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-field.roic-has-error .roic-helper {\n  display: none;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-field.roic-has-error .roic-error {\n  display: block;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-results {\n  display: grid;\n  gap: 16px;\n  margin-top: 20px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-primary-result {\n  padding: 20px;\n  border: 1px solid #bfdbfe;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  background: #eff6ff;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-result-label {\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-result-value {\n  margin-top: 4px;\n  color: #1e3a8a;\n  font-size: 30px;\n  line-height: 1.15;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  letter-spacing: -.02em;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-result-note {\n  margin: 8px 0 0;\n  color: #334155;\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 500;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-result-grid {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 150px), 1fr));\n  gap: 12px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-result-card {\n  min-width: 0;\n  padding: 16px;\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  background: var(--surface);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-card-value {\n  margin-top: 4px;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 20px;\n  line-height: 1.25;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-live {\n  position: absolute;\n  width: 1px;\n  height: 1px;\n  padding: 0;\n  margin: -1px;\n  overflow: hidden;\n  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);\n  white-space: nowrap;\n  border: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-breakdown,\n.roic-calculator .roic-table-section,\n.roic-calculator .roic-education {\n  padding: 24px;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-chart-card,\n.roic-calculator .roic-table-card {\n  min-width: 0;\n  padding: 24px;\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  background: var(--surface);\n  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, .06);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-chart-head {\n  display: grid;\n  gap: 4px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-chart-total {\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 20px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-chart-cluster {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);\n  justify-content: center;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 24px;\n  width: min(100%, 680px);\n  margin: 20px auto 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-plot-wrap {\n  display: grid;\n  place-items: center;\n  min-width: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-svg {\n  display: block;\n  width: min(100%, 320px);\n  height: auto;\n  aspect-ratio: 1 \/ 1;\n  overflow: visible;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-chart-bg {\n  fill: none;\n  stroke: #e2e8f0;\n  stroke-width: 36;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-chart-segment {\n  fill: none;\n  stroke-width: 36;\n  transform-origin: 120px 120px;\n  transform: rotate(-90deg);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-center-label {\n  fill: var(--muted);\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  text-anchor: middle;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-center-value {\n  fill: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 18px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  text-anchor: middle;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-legend-list {\n  display: grid;\n  justify-content: center;\n  gap: 12px;\n  min-width: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-legend-row {\n  display: grid;\n  grid-template-columns: 12px minmax(0, max-content) max-content max-content;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: start;\n  column-gap: 10px;\n  row-gap: 4px;\n  min-width: 0;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 500;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-swatch {\n  width: 12px;\n  height: 12px;\n  border-radius: 3px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-legend-name {\n  min-width: 0;\n  font-weight: 650;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-legend-value,\n.roic-calculator .roic-legend-share {\n  color: var(--muted);\n  white-space: nowrap;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-chart-callout,\n.roic-calculator .roic-table-note {\n  margin-top: 16px;\n  padding: 10px 12px;\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  background: var(--tint);\n  color: var(--muted);\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 500;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-empty-state {\n  width: min(100%, 520px);\n  margin: 20px auto 0;\n  padding: 16px;\n  border: 1px dashed #cbd5e1;\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  background: var(--tint);\n  color: var(--muted);\n  text-align: center;\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-hidden {\n  display: none !important;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-safe-stack .roic-chart-cluster {\n  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) !important;\n  gap: 24px !important;\n  width: min(100%, 520px) !important;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-safe-stack .roic-chart-callout {\n  margin-top: 20px !important;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table-overflow {\n  width: 100%;\n  max-width: 100%;\n  margin-top: 20px;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  overscroll-behavior-inline: contain;\n  border: 1px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 6px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table {\n  width: 100%;\n  min-width: 620px;\n  border-collapse: collapse;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table th,\n.roic-calculator .roic-table td {\n  padding: 12px 14px;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);\n  text-align: left;\n  vertical-align: top;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table th {\n  background: #0f2747;\n  color: #ffffff;\n  font-size: 13px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table td {\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 14px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table tbody tr:last-child td {\n  border-bottom: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table tbody tr:hover td {\n  background: var(--tint);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-table .roic-num {\n  text-align: right;\n  white-space: nowrap;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-safe-table-stack .roic-table-note {\n  margin-top: 20px !important;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-education {\n  border-bottom: 0;\n  background: var(--surface);\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-education-inner {\n  max-width: 860px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-education h2 {\n  margin: 32px 0 10px;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 20px;\n  line-height: 1.35;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-education h2:first-child {\n  margin-top: 0;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-education h3 {\n  margin: 22px 0 8px;\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-size: 17px;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  font-weight: 650;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-education p,\n.roic-calculator .roic-education ul {\n  margin: 0 0 14px;\n  color: #334155;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-education ul {\n  padding-left: 22px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-link {\n  color: var(--primary);\n  text-decoration: underline;\n  text-underline-offset: 2px;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-link:hover {\n  color: #1e40af;\n}\n.roic-calculator .roic-formula {\n  margin: 16px 0;\n  padding: 14px 16px;\n  border-left: 4px solid var(--primary);\n  border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0;\n  background: var(--tint);\n  color: var(--ink);\n  font-weight: 700;\n  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;\n}\n@container roic-layout (min-width: 640px) {\n  .roic-calculator .roic-chart-cluster {\n    grid-template-columns: minmax(250px, 320px) minmax(0, max-content);\n  }\n}\n@container roic-layout (min-width: 900px) {\n  .roic-calculator .roic-workspace {\n    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.08fr) minmax(0, .92fr);\n    align-items: start;\n  }\n}\n@container roic-layout (max-width: 639px) {\n  .roic-calculator .roic-header,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-toolbar,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-workspace,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-breakdown,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-table-section,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-education {\n    padding-left: 16px;\n    padding-right: 16px;\n  }\n  .roic-calculator .roic-panel,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-chart-card,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-table-card {\n    padding: 16px;\n  }\n  .roic-calculator .roic-legend-row {\n    grid-template-columns: 12px minmax(0, max-content) max-content;\n  }\n  .roic-calculator .roic-legend-share {\n    grid-column: 2 \/ 4;\n  }\n  .roic-calculator .roic-chart-callout,\n  .roic-calculator .roic-table-note {\n    margin-top: 16px;\n  }\n}\n@media (max-width: 420px) {\n  .roic-calculator .roic-toolbar {\n    align-items: stretch;\n  }\n  .roic-calculator .roic-button {\n    justify-content: center;\n    flex: 1 1 100%;\n  }\n  .roic-calculator .roic-result-value {\n    font-size: 28px;\n  }\n}\n\u003c\/style\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"roic-calculator\" data-calculator-root\u003e\n  \u003cheader class=\"roic-header\"\u003e\n    \u003ch2 class=\"roic-title\"\u003eReturn on Invested Capital (ROIC) Calculator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n    \u003cp class=\"roic-subtitle\"\u003eMeasure how efficiently a business converts debt and equity capital into after-tax operating profit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"roic-pills\" aria-label=\"Live calculation summary\"\u003e\n      \u003cspan class=\"roic-pill\"\u003eNOPAT \u003cstrong class=\"roic-pill-nopat\"\u003e$37,500.00\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n      \u003cspan class=\"roic-pill\"\u003eInvested capital \u003cstrong class=\"roic-pill-capital\"\u003e$121,500.00\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n      \u003cspan class=\"roic-pill\"\u003eROIC \u003cstrong class=\"roic-pill-roic\"\u003e30.86%\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/header\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"roic-toolbar\" aria-label=\"Calculator actions\"\u003e\n    \u003cbutton class=\"roic-button roic-download\" type=\"button\" data-action=\"download\"\u003e\n      \u003csvg class=\"roic-download-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"\u003e\n        \u003cpath d=\"M12 3v11m0 0 4-4m-4 4-4-4M5 17v3h14v-3\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\n      \u003c\/svg\u003e\n      \u003cspan\u003eDownload Excel\u003c\/span\u003e\n    \u003c\/button\u003e\n    \u003cbutton class=\"roic-button roic-reset\" type=\"button\" data-action=\"reset\"\u003eReset\u003c\/button\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003cdiv class=\"roic-workspace\"\u003e\n    \u003csection class=\"roic-panel roic-input-panel\" aria-labelledby=\"roic-inputs-title\"\u003e\n      \u003ch3 class=\"roic-section-title\" id=\"roic-inputs-title\"\u003eOperating profit and capital\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp class=\"roic-section-copy\"\u003eEnter values from the same reporting period and use a consistent currency basis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cform class=\"roic-form\" novalidate\u003e\n        \u003cfieldset class=\"roic-fieldset\"\u003e\n          \u003clegend class=\"roic-legend\"\u003eNet operating profit after tax\u003c\/legend\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-fields\"\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-field\" data-field=\"ebit\"\u003e\n              \u003clabel class=\"roic-label\" for=\"roic-ebit\"\u003eEBIT\u003c\/label\u003e\n              \u003cinput class=\"roic-input\" id=\"roic-ebit\" name=\"roic-ebit\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" value=\"$50,000.00\" aria-describedby=\"roic-ebit-help roic-ebit-error\"\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-helper\" id=\"roic-ebit-help\"\u003eEarnings before interest and taxes. Negative values are allowed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-error\" id=\"roic-ebit-error\"\u003eEnter a valid EBIT amount.\u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-field\" data-field=\"taxRate\"\u003e\n              \u003clabel class=\"roic-label\" for=\"roic-tax-rate\"\u003eTax rate\u003c\/label\u003e\n              \u003cinput class=\"roic-input\" id=\"roic-tax-rate\" name=\"roic-tax-rate\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" value=\"25.00%\" aria-describedby=\"roic-tax-rate-help roic-tax-rate-error\"\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-helper\" id=\"roic-tax-rate-help\"\u003eEffective operating tax rate, from 0% to 100%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-error\" id=\"roic-tax-rate-error\"\u003eEnter a percentage from 0% to 100%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003c\/div\u003e\n        \u003c\/fieldset\u003e\n        \u003cfieldset class=\"roic-fieldset\"\u003e\n          \u003clegend class=\"roic-legend\"\u003eInvested capital\u003c\/legend\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-fields\"\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-field\" data-field=\"equity\"\u003e\n              \u003clabel class=\"roic-label\" for=\"roic-equity\"\u003eEquity\u003c\/label\u003e\n              \u003cinput class=\"roic-input\" id=\"roic-equity\" name=\"roic-equity\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" value=\"$121,500.00\" aria-describedby=\"roic-equity-help roic-equity-error\"\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-helper\" id=\"roic-equity-help\"\u003eBook value of shareholder capital included in the analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-error\" id=\"roic-equity-error\"\u003eEnter zero or a positive equity amount.\u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-field\" data-field=\"debt\"\u003e\n              \u003clabel class=\"roic-label\" for=\"roic-debt\"\u003eDebt\u003c\/label\u003e\n              \u003cinput class=\"roic-input\" id=\"roic-debt\" name=\"roic-debt\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" value=\"$0.00\" aria-describedby=\"roic-debt-help roic-debt-error\"\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-helper\" id=\"roic-debt-help\"\u003eInterest-bearing debt included in invested capital.\u003c\/p\u003e\n              \u003cp class=\"roic-error\" id=\"roic-debt-error\"\u003eEnter zero or a positive debt amount.\u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003c\/div\u003e\n        \u003c\/fieldset\u003e\n      \u003c\/form\u003e\n    \u003c\/section\u003e\n    \u003csection class=\"roic-panel roic-results-panel\" aria-labelledby=\"roic-results-title\"\u003e\n      \u003ch3 class=\"roic-section-title\" id=\"roic-results-title\"\u003eLive results\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp class=\"roic-section-copy\"\u003eResults update as assumptions change.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-results\"\u003e\n        \u003cdiv class=\"roic-primary-result\"\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-label\"\u003eReturn on invested capital\u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-value roic-roic-value\"\u003e30.86%\u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003cp class=\"roic-result-note roic-interpretation\"\u003eThe business generates about $0.31 of after-tax operating profit for each $1.00 of invested capital.\u003c\/p\u003e\n        \u003c\/div\u003e\n        \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-grid\"\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-card\"\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-label\"\u003eNOPAT\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-card-value roic-nopat-value\"\u003e$37,500.00\u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-card\"\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-label\"\u003eInvested capital\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-card-value roic-capital-value\"\u003e$121,500.00\u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-card\"\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-label\"\u003eTax on EBIT\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-card-value roic-tax-value\"\u003e$12,500.00\u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-card\"\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-result-label\"\u003eProfit per $1 capital\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"roic-card-value roic-per-dollar-value\"\u003e$0.31\u003c\/div\u003e\n          \u003c\/div\u003e\n        \u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-live\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n    \u003c\/section\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003csection class=\"roic-breakdown\" aria-labelledby=\"roic-breakdown-title\"\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"roic-chart-card\" data-chart-card\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-chart-head\"\u003e\n        \u003ch3 class=\"roic-section-title\" id=\"roic-breakdown-title\"\u003eInvested capital mix\u003c\/h3\u003e\n        \u003cp class=\"roic-section-copy\"\u003eDebt and equity shares use the same current-state values as the ROIC denominator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n        \u003cdiv class=\"roic-chart-total\"\u003eTotal: \u003cspan class=\"roic-chart-total-value\"\u003e$121,500.00\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-chart-cluster\"\u003e\n        \u003cdiv class=\"roic-plot-wrap\"\u003e\n          \u003csvg class=\"roic-svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 240 240\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"roic-chart-svg-title roic-chart-svg-desc\"\u003e\n            \u003ctitle id=\"roic-chart-svg-title\"\u003eInvested capital breakdown\u003c\/title\u003e\n            \u003cdesc id=\"roic-chart-svg-desc\"\u003eEquity is 100.00% of invested capital and debt is 0.00%.\u003c\/desc\u003e\n            \u003ccircle class=\"roic-chart-bg\" cx=\"120\" cy=\"120\" r=\"92\"\u003e\u003c\/circle\u003e\n            \u003cg class=\"roic-segments\"\u003e\u003c\/g\u003e\n            \u003cg class=\"roic-center-group\"\u003e\n              \u003ctext class=\"roic-center-label\" x=\"120\" y=\"111\"\u003eInvested capital\u003c\/text\u003e\n              \u003ctext class=\"roic-center-value\" x=\"120\" y=\"135\"\u003e$121,500\u003c\/text\u003e\n            \u003c\/g\u003e\n          \u003c\/svg\u003e\n        \u003c\/div\u003e\n        \u003cdiv class=\"roic-legend-list\" aria-label=\"Invested capital legend\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-empty-state roic-hidden\"\u003eEnter equity or debt to see the capital breakdown.\u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-chart-callout\"\u003eThe denominator is currently funded entirely by equity. A higher debt share changes the financing mix, but ROIC changes only when total invested capital or NOPAT changes.\u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-table-overflow roic-breakdown-table-wrap\"\u003e\n        \u003ctable class=\"roic-table roic-breakdown-table\"\u003e\n          \u003cthead\u003e\n            \u003ctr\u003e\n              \u003cth scope=\"col\"\u003eCapital source\u003c\/th\u003e\n              \u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"roic-num\"\u003eAmount\u003c\/th\u003e\n              \u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"roic-num\"\u003eShare\u003c\/th\u003e\n            \u003c\/tr\u003e\n          \u003c\/thead\u003e\n          \u003ctbody class=\"roic-breakdown-body\"\u003e\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n        \u003c\/table\u003e\n      \u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-table-note roic-breakdown-note\"\u003eOnly positive capital categories are drawn. Zero-value categories remain visible in the table for reconciliation.\u003c\/div\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/section\u003e\n  \u003csection class=\"roic-table-section\" aria-labelledby=\"roic-detail-title\"\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"roic-table-card\" data-table-card\u003e\n      \u003ch3 class=\"roic-section-title\" id=\"roic-detail-title\"\u003eCalculation bridge\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp class=\"roic-section-copy\"\u003eThe table reconciles the income statement inputs to NOPAT and the balance sheet inputs to invested capital.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-table-overflow roic-detail-table-wrap\"\u003e\n        \u003ctable class=\"roic-table roic-detail-table\"\u003e\n          \u003cthead\u003e\n            \u003ctr\u003e\n              \u003cth scope=\"col\"\u003eStep\u003c\/th\u003e\n              \u003cth scope=\"col\"\u003eFormula\u003c\/th\u003e\n              \u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"roic-num\"\u003eValue\u003c\/th\u003e\n            \u003c\/tr\u003e\n          \u003c\/thead\u003e\n          \u003ctbody class=\"roic-detail-body\"\u003e\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n        \u003c\/table\u003e\n      \u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-table-note roic-detail-note\"\u003eROIC is undefined when invested capital equals zero. Negative EBIT produces negative NOPAT and may produce a negative ROIC when invested capital is positive.\u003c\/div\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/section\u003e\n  \u003csection class=\"roic-education\"\u003e\n    \u003cdiv class=\"roic-education-inner\"\u003e\n      \u003ch2\u003eWhat does this ROIC calculator estimate?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eReturn on invested capital measures the after-tax operating profit generated by the capital committed to a business. It combines an income-statement measure, net operating profit after tax, with a balance-sheet measure, invested capital. The result is shown as a percentage and as profit per dollar of capital. ROIC is most useful when the inputs come from the same reporting period and are prepared on a consistent accounting basis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eThis calculator follows the practical formula used in the reference workflow: NOPAT equals EBIT multiplied by one minus the tax rate, while invested capital equals debt plus equity. The primary result divides NOPAT by invested capital. Analysts often refine these inputs by removing excess cash, non-operating assets, unusual items, or acquisition accounting effects. Those refinements can be valuable, but they require judgment and are outside this compact calculation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cdiv class=\"roic-formula\"\u003eNOPAT = EBIT × (1 − tax rate)\u003cbr\u003eInvested capital = equity + debt\u003cbr\u003eROIC = NOPAT ÷ invested capital\u003c\/div\u003e\n      \u003ch2\u003eHow should each input be entered?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eEBIT\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eEBIT means earnings before interest and taxes, often presented as operating income. Enter the amount for the period being analyzed. A positive value means the core business generated operating profit; a negative value means it generated an operating loss. Higher EBIT increases NOPAT and ROIC when all other inputs remain constant. Avoid mixing annual EBIT with quarter-end capital unless you deliberately annualize the profit measure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eTax rate\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eUse an effective operating tax rate between 0% and 100%. The rate reduces EBIT to an after-tax operating profit. A higher rate lowers NOPAT and ROIC; a lower rate raises them. One-time tax benefits, loss carryforwards, and jurisdictional differences can make a reported effective tax rate volatile, so a normalized rate may be more useful for comparisons. The \u003ca class=\"roic-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/businesses\/small-businesses-self-employed\/business-taxes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eIRS overview of business taxes\u003c\/a\u003e provides general context, but this calculator does not provide tax advice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eEquity and debt\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eEquity is the book value of shareholder capital included in the analysis. Debt is the interest-bearing borrowing used to finance operations. Both inputs are required conceptually, but either may be zero. Increasing either amount raises invested capital and lowers ROIC unless NOPAT rises proportionally. Do not enter market capitalization in place of book equity unless your analytical framework explicitly calls for a market-value return measure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003ch2\u003eHow should the results be interpreted?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eROIC and profit per dollar\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eThe main ROIC percentage expresses NOPAT as a share of invested capital. A 12% ROIC means the business generated about $0.12 of after-tax operating profit for each $1.00 of capital in the measured period. A zero result means NOPAT is zero. A negative result generally reflects an operating loss. A high result may signal efficient capital allocation, but it can also be influenced by a small or declining book-capital base.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eROIC should normally be compared with the company’s own history, relevant peers, and its cost of capital rather than a universal threshold. The economic spread between ROIC and the weighted average cost of capital is often more informative than ROIC alone. For deeper treatment of measurement choices, see Aswath Damodaran’s \u003ca class=\"roic-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pages.stern.nyu.edu\/~adamodar\/pdfiles\/papers\/returnmeasures.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003epaper on return measures\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003ch3\u003eNOPAT, tax on EBIT, and invested capital\u003c\/h3\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eNOPAT is the operating-profit numerator after applying the selected tax rate. Tax on EBIT shows the adjustment deducted from EBIT. Invested capital is the denominator formed by equity plus debt. These intermediate values make it easier to identify why ROIC changed: operating performance changed, the tax assumption changed, the capital base changed, or several factors moved together.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003ch2\u003eHow do the chart and tables help?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eThe donut chart displays the current financing mix between equity and debt. Its legend and reconciliation table use the same model data, so the amounts and percentages should match exactly. A financing mix is not inherently good or bad; it describes where invested capital comes from. Debt can magnify equity returns and financial risk, while ROIC itself is designed to assess operating returns before financing costs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eThe calculation bridge shows every step from EBIT to NOPAT and from equity and debt to invested capital. It is useful for review, audit trails, and export. The Excel workbook downloads the current assumptions and results rather than the initial example values. For help locating reported line items, consult the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s \u003ca class=\"roic-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sec.gov\/files\/beginners-guide-to-financial-statements.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eguide to financial statements\u003c\/a\u003e and company filings available through \u003ca class=\"roic-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sec.gov\/edgar\/search\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eEDGAR\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n      \u003ch2\u003eWhat are common ROIC mistakes?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n      \u003cul\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eMixing quarterly profit with annual capital or using values from different reporting dates.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eUsing net income instead of operating profit without understanding financing and non-operating effects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eIncluding excess cash or unrelated assets in invested capital without a consistent policy.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eComparing companies with materially different accounting choices, acquisition histories, or capital intensity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n        \u003cli\u003eTreating a single-period ROIC as a complete valuation or investment conclusion.\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003c\/ul\u003e\n      \u003cp\u003eUse ROIC as one diagnostic metric alongside margins, growth, cash conversion, leverage, and the cost of capital. It is an analytical aid, not personalized financial, investment, legal, or tax advice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n    \u003c\/div\u003e\n  \u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"FinancialModelsLab","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49909480390899,"sku":"roic","price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0522\/6191\/2762\/files\/roic.webp?v=1783935370","url":"https:\/\/financialmodelslab.com\/products\/roic","provider":"Financial Models Lab","version":"1.0","type":"link"}