| Factory Rent |
Fixed |
Use $12,000 per month as baseline overhead from Month 1 through Month 60. |
Spreading rent per bar and hiding the true monthly hurdle. |
| Business Insurance |
Fixed |
Include $1,500 per month in fixed operating expenses before unit margin is applied. |
Treating insurance as volume-based when it does not rise with each unit. |
| Marketing & Advertising |
Fixed |
Model $8,000 per month as planned spend needed to support sales volume. |
Cutting it from break-even math while still relying on it for demand. |
| Utilities |
Semi-variable |
Start with the $3,500 monthly amount, then track usage as production hours rise. |
Assuming utilities stay flat when roasting, cooling, and packaging volume increases. |
| Cacao Beans |
Variable |
Apply per unit produced; the model uses $0.48 per Dark Origin Bar. |
Booking beans as overhead instead of tying them to production volume. |
| Premium Box |
Variable |
Apply $3.00 per Corporate Gift Box sold as unit-level packaging. |
Averaging premium packaging across all products and overstating low-packaging items. |
| Direct Labor |
Variable |
Use only where listed as unit input, such as $0.25 for Cacao Nibs Bulk. |
Double-counting direct labor if it also sits inside payroll. |
| Production Staff |
Semi-fixed |
Increase in staffing steps, from 2.0 FTE in the first year to 8.0 FTE in Year 5. |
Modeling payroll as perfectly variable instead of adding capacity in chunks. |