| Field Consumables and Stakes |
Variable |
Apply as a revenue-linked field expense, starting at 8.5% in the first year and falling to 6.5% by the mature year. |
Leaving stakes and site materials in overhead, which overstates margin on each job. |
| Vehicle Fuel and Maintenance |
Variable |
Treat as job-volume driven because crews travel to sites; model at 10.0% of revenue in the first year. |
Using one flat monthly vehicle amount even when job count and route miles rise. |
| Equipment Calibration and Repair |
Variable |
Link to revenue, starting at 4.5% in the first year, because more field work creates more wear and service needs. |
Ignoring repair drag until equipment fails, then treating it as a surprise cash hit. |
| CAD Software Cloud Integration |
Semi-variable |
Model as partly usage-linked, from 3.0% of revenue in the first year to 2.2% in the mature year as volume spreads the burden. |
Treating all software as fixed when project files, cloud use, and collaboration scale with jobs. |
| Office and Storage Lease |
Fixed |
Include the $4,500 monthly lease in fixed overhead from Month 1 through Month 60. |
Allocating rent to each project and missing the cash burn before enough jobs are booked. |
| Professional Liability Insurance |
Fixed |
Carry the $1,200 monthly premium as fixed overhead for the monthly break-even target. |
Dropping required coverage from break-even because it does not attach to one specific job. |
| Survey Software Subscriptions |
Fixed |
Include the $850 monthly subscription as fixed operating overhead across the planning range. |
Counting core production software only after revenue starts, even though it is needed from launch. |
| Salaried Surveyor, Party Chief, Technician, Drafter, and Office Manager |
Semi-fixed |
Model payroll as monthly burn that steps up with staffing, not by the hour; first-year salary commitments include licensed, field, CAD, and admin roles. |
Treating crew payroll like pure variable labor when full-time equivalent commitments create monthly burn. |