| Engineering payroll |
Fixed |
Include in the monthly operating base; first year has 2.0 full-time engineers at $130,000 each. |
Treating core build payroll as one-time launch spend. |
| Office rent, retainers, software, insurance, utilities |
Fixed |
Use $12,000/month from Month 1 through Month 60. |
Spreading rent and retainers as a revenue percentage. |
| Cloud Infrastructure & Hosting |
Variable |
Model as 8% of first-year revenue, falling to 5.5% by mature year. |
Ignoring hosting load as transactions and customers rise. |
| Payment Processing Fees |
Variable |
Model as 4% of first-year revenue, then 3% by mature year. |
Counting subscription revenue but missing payment fees. |
| Sales Commissions |
Variable |
Model at 5% of revenue across all forecast years. |
Putting commissions into fixed payroll instead of sales-linked expense. |
| Customer Support Outsourcing |
Variable |
Model at 3% of first-year revenue, easing to 2% as scale improves. |
Keeping support flat while active customers and transactions grow. |
| Marketing budget |
Semi-fixed |
Use $120,000 in the first year, or $10,000/month, as planned acquisition spend. |
Treating CAC as pure variable spend with no budget ceiling. |
| Customer Success Manager payroll |
Semi-fixed |
Add headcount in steps: 0.0 FTE in first year, then 1.0 FTE from Year 2. |
Loading post-launch success hiring into Month 1 break-even. |