| Secure R&D facility rent |
Fixed |
Model at $15,000 per month across the planning range. |
Spreading rent per unit and hiding the monthly cash floor. |
| Cybersecurity audits |
Fixed |
Model at $4,500 per month from Month 1 through Month 60. |
Linking audit spend to unit sales instead of security requirements. |
| Software licensing |
Fixed |
Model at $5,000 per month unless licenses are renegotiated. |
Dropping it below break-even because it is not a factory input. |
| Marketing and trade shows |
Semi-fixed |
Start with the $12,000 monthly plan, then step it up only when the sales motion expands. |
Treating all marketing as a direct percent of revenue. |
| Payroll |
Semi-fixed |
Model in staffing steps: first year FTE starts at 8 and rises by the mature year. |
Calling payroll fully fixed when support, sales, and engineering headcount scale. |
| Unit components |
Variable |
Apply per unit: $370 for the lowest-cost device up to $1,800 for the highest-cost device. |
Using one blended part cost before the product mix is stable. |
| Warranty, support allocation, hosting, testing, and royalties |
Variable |
Model at 7% of revenue: 1.5% warranty, 2.0% support, 1.0% hosting, 1.5% testing, and 1.0% royalties. |
Treating support and rework as fixed when they rise with installed units. |
| Sales commissions, logistics, and shipping |
Variable |
Use 7% of first-year revenue, then 5.5% by the mature year based on the provided rates. |
Leaving commissions below gross margin and overstating contribution. |