| Office Rent |
Fixed |
Use $3,500 per month in fixed overhead from Month 1 through Month 60. |
Spreading rent by project and making low-volume months look too profitable. |
| Utilities & Internet |
Fixed |
Use $600 per month as base operating overhead for the testing office. |
Linking the full bill to project volume instead of treating it as baseline capacity. |
| Year 1 Payroll |
Fixed |
Use $30,625 per month for first-year staffed roles: founder, project manager, senior testers, and part-time admin. |
Counting salaried staff as variable labor when they are paid before utilization is proven. |
| Direct Tester Labor (Contractors/Overtime) |
Variable |
Model at 12% of revenue in the first year, declining to 8% by the mature year. |
Forgetting overtime spikes when several game builds arrive in the same sprint. |
| Project-Specific Software Licenses & Tools |
Variable |
Model at 4% of revenue in the first year, declining to 2% by the mature year. |
Leaving client-specific tools in fixed overhead after the related project ends. |
| Marketing & Sales Commissions |
Variable |
Model at 8% of revenue in the first year, declining to 4% by the mature year. |
Using the annual marketing budget as the only selling expense and missing commissions. |
| Cloud Hosting & Bug Tracking System Usage Fees |
Variable |
Model at 3% of revenue in the first year, declining to 2% by the mature year. |
Combining usage fees with the $500 base subscription and hiding margin drag. |
| Added Project Management Capacity |
Semi-fixed |
Add in steps as project manager staffing rises from 1.0 FTE in Year 1 to 3.0 FTE in Year 5. |
Scaling revenue without adding coordination capacity, which understates delivery overhead. |